
Lindsay Manfredi, a self-proclaimed social media rock star and ghost blogger, started a discussion on her blog defending her profession.
Ghost blogging, by its very nature, is writing something for someone who claims to have written the piece, when in fact they did not. Therefore, ghost blogging is misleading the public, if not outright lying to them. You can give this issue to a 5 year old and they can tell you, without question, that it's lying.
Let's play a game. Go to Google. Search "ghost blogging ethics." The only content you'll find that is PRO ghost blogging comes from those who make a living solely from it. Anyone with any credibility in the industry, or any professional organization that sets ethical standards for this kind of thing is totally against it. Just look here or here
Look, my argument is not that we (public relations professionals, writers, etc.) should refuse to help our clients write. Uh, hello. That's a huge part of my job -- part of my job that I LOVE. Of course I understand that Mr. Big Shot, CEO of Big Shot Inc., doesn't always have the time to write his own blogs. And perhaps he isn't even a very good writer, or doesn't "get" what a blog is or he's just lazy and would rather not add it to his to-do list even if he does have all the time in world. And perhaps he stumbled on Ms. Manfredi's Web site and decides that he'd like a rock star to write for him. That's all totally kosher with me. I applaud that. Afterall, Ms. Manfredi needs to eat (and perhaps splurge on some hot new outfit for her rock show). [To demonstrate that this is not a personal attack on Ms. Manfredi, I'd recommend checking out her band, We're Not Mexican. It's pretty good stuff.]
Where I take issue with the whole thing is when Mr. Big Shot and Ms. Manfredi swear each other to secrecy, saying they'll never reveal that SHE is actually doing the writing, letting the public believe that everything she writes is falling straight out of Mr. Big Shot's mouth. Ms. Manfredi, for all intents and purposes, doesn't even exist.
That, my friends, is not okay. It doesn't adhere to ANY of the ethical codes or bylaws of ANY of our industry's organizations. It's also LYING. If you do not disclose that you contributed to a blog, you are actively and willingly deceiving the public. There just isn't any way around that. And if Joe Public finds out that he's been lied to? Well, welcome to The Land of Crisis Communications. The fall out from that could potentially be enormous for the company and your own professional reputation. Why would you want to risk that kind of backlash? This total lack of judgement shows just how green these ghostbloggers are to PR.
As Jason Falls, social media/public relations specialist says, "Transparency is key in social media. Ghost writers are the opposite. The biggest problem is getting found out. You run the risk of being disingenuous. It intimates that you have something to hide.”
All you have to do is DISCLOSE somehow, somewhere that you, the "ghost blogger," did the writing. You could say, "as told to ____," "contributions by ____," "with additional editorial support from ___," "co-written by ______." Whatever. I don't care how you decide to word it. Just do it.
If you don't, you're a liar liar pants on fire. And that tells me: 1) You don't care about professional ethics and standards, 2) The public's opinion doesn't matter to you, 3) You'll conveniently alter your values and morals for a quick buck, 4) You're okay with taking advantage of clients who may not be aware of industry ethical standards, 5) You're totally out of touch with your peers and 6) You're totally out of touch with the whole entire point of social media (authenticity).
Is that what you really want to communicate to me, your professional peers, future clients and public in a world that is increasingly placing an emphasis on transparency and honesty?
Again, my issue here is not with our industry writing for clients or on behalf of clients. I support this. I do it. I got my degree in it. I make my living from it. Just be honest about who wrote what. I don't care if you write every blog post for every client you have from now until eternity. Maybe your writing is actually 400% better than anything your clients could come up with. Congrats! But please -- just tell us you wrote it.
Plus, by being a "ghost blogger," you're cheating yourself out of future business. If I see a brilliant piece of writing that I'm told is written by Mr. Big Shot but is actually written by Lindsay, how would I ever be able to give her props for her skill or recommend her if I have no idea she did the writing? You're hiding yourself from new clients.
Look, everyone messes up from time to time. I'm not going to become the Ethics Nazi and call everyone out on every little oversight or omission. We're all learning together here, and no one is perfect, except for myself. (TOTALLY KIDDING! Just seeing if you were still paying attention.) But when your entire career and business model centers around deceiving the public... well, that's not okay. It gives our industry a bad name. I can't tell you how many cocktail parties I go to where someone asks what I do, and I say I'm a PR account exec, and I get some form of the "Oooh, so you spin to the public?"
Ghostbloggers -- please don't keep giving fuel to this argument.
P.S. Don't leave a comment saying, "Elizabeth, you're so naive! Don't you know how many people use ghostbloggers? Don't you realize Obama doesn't write his own speeches, that the Ford CEO doesn't make his own commercials, that Santa isn't real and that it was really your mother putting money under your pillow when you lost your tooth?" Look. Just because something is prevalent in society and/or has been happening since written word existed (literally) doesn't make it right.
9 comments:
I don't think most people have a problem with politicians using ghost writers. It's common knowledge that these people are more brands than they are individuals, and none of them claim that the speechwriters don't exist.
The point is that much of the time, we expect that the byline matches the words. Elizabeth Friedland wrote the blog post above, not some intern from Snark University (Go Snarkies!) Most people would feel deceived if they found out that her comments were being secretly outsourced.
There may be some situations in which ghostwriting without attribution is fine. Ms. Friedland is likely the author of this Spirit & Place
press release [PDF], since her name is at the top. It doesn't say "FRIEDLAND MADE THIS" in giant letters, but it's pretty clear to this PR layman that Trendy Minds was involved.
The same website also hosts a Pecha Kucha release [PDF] which doesn't mention any names. So is this written by Spirit and Place staff, or ghostwritten? By itself, it's hard to say.
I don't think this is a horrible ethics violation. Everybody knows press releases are written to promote causes, and who cares if an outside professional writes them? In my view, all the TrendyMinds language in the first release is there for marketing purposes, not ethical principles. If the second release was also written by Elizabeth Friedland, great. It's not claiming that it was produced by someone else. Plus, it's a press release!
But ethics are difficult to follow. Elizabeth Friedland also writes: "We PR people keep track of journalists that are a pleasure to work with & we approach them first with the great interviews. Just a reminder."
To be frank, that sounds a little shady to me. Aren't journalists supposed to be skeptical of PR folks? Aren't PR folks supposed to refrain from attempting to influence journalists? Where is the the line between having a preference for professionalism and outright favoritism?
Here's what Elizabeth Friedland says to journalists: "Doing a health care story and wanting to talk to leaders in the nursing field? Come to me (Account Executive for a nursing honor society, among my other clients) and ask me to find you a handful of nurse experts. I’m more than happy to do the dirty work for you, even if you don’t wind up using one of my clients."
But as a newspaper reader, the last thing I want reporters to do is to outsource their work to a someone who has a bias toward their own paying clients. In fact, if they run quotes from your press release without attribution, isn't that a form of ghostwriting? The name of the PR firm never makes it on the evening news. Why is it unethical to ghostwrite a blog post, but perfectly ethical for a PR pro to do journalistic legwork and produce copy that will appear in print without attribution?
Thanks for your thoughts. I think we're on the same page with many things. I'd like to address some of your questions. It seems many of them stem from not understanding what public relations is. (I don't blame you for this, since you don't work in PR nor do you have a degree in PR or journalism.)
Like you said, press releases are not expected, nor do they claim to be, written from the CEO. On any press release my company writes, our contact information goes at the top so it's clean who it's coming from. (The Pecha Kucha release was not written by me. It was written by someone in the Pecha Kucha organization. I, nor TrendyMinds, had anything to do with that.)
You're absolutely right that PR people should not influence journalists. We don't bribe or otherwise influence journalists (and shame on anyone who tries, since that is a HUGE violation), but of course if we have an exclusive story to give away (which by its very nature means it goes to only one outlet), we give it journalists who are a fit for the story, taking into account both their personal reputation and their outlet's reputation.
As for the issue of putting newspaper reporters in touch with my clients... Well Robby, that's exactly what PR is. That's why it's also known as "media relations." We pitch journalists our clients (who of course we have "bias" toward, since we obviously think they're amazing or we wouldn't have taken them on!), and then the journalist decides if they'd like to use them as a source, for an interview or for a story. That's what PR is.
If a journalist decides to run a press release I wrote without saying it was a press release written by me, well, I can't control that. (Oh how I wish I COULD control what journalists wrote.) But yes, I would agree that it would be unethical for them to print the press release and then stick their name on it.
Finally, to answer you question of: "Why is it unethical to ghostwrite a blog post, but perfectly ethical for a PR pro to do journalistic legwork and produce copy that will appear in print without attribution?"
Well, it's not. A simple Freshman-level, PR 101: Press releases are not written to be printed in an outlet. They're written to give a journalist a quick, easy, concise idea of the client so that they can then do their own research and create their own unique story, should they choose to do so. A journalist who just decides to print the press release is at best lazy, and at worst unethical.
It's true that I have no formal training in PR. My perspective on the field is well-represented by this essay, for which I have found much supporting evidence.
But, I'm surprised to hear you say that PR people should not "bribe or influence" journalists. Aren't there press junkets, free samples, lunches bought on expense accounts, and statements of praise launched toward journalists? Aren't these influences in effect ghostly hands? Maybe you personally never do any of these things, but certainly they are commonplace.
It seems like ghostwriting is the logical extension of these practices. After all, you said yourself that you "wish you could control" what journalists write. You already influence what they see by putting your clients in front of them. You already provide the most attractive and compelling components of your client's stories in your press releases. You already offer to do research and legwork for journalists. Why not collect quotes for them, suggest a few phrasings or a good sentence to use as a lead? Heck, you probably know the details better than the journalist, why not just write the whole article?
It really seems like this whole practice is one gigantic gray area. Defenders of ghostwriting seem to insist that anybody can write anything without attribution. PR folks seem to want to be able to influence the news without being accused of undue influence. I think you and Linsday Manfriedi are perhaps more alike than different.
I suppose the ultimate mystery is why does PR have such a bad rap? It would seem like that if any field should be well-respected and understood by the public, it would be those who are experts in media relations and public opinion. PR should have better PR.
I like this post. Seem so obvious but still needs to be repeated. Be transparent, be honest. Who cares who you are anyway?
The reality is that (speaking for business blogs) the reader for the most part could care less who is writing. These readers are interested in content and topics a lot more than any one individual.
Most business blog traffic is coming from first time visitors right?
Again Robby, you clearly don't understand PR. PR practitioners are expressly forbidden to buy reporters lunches, give them freebies, and in any other way influence them (aside from a well-written pitch). Again, I'd urge you to read the bylaws of the Public Relations Society of America so you have some idea as to what you're talking about.
I don't understand how my point is failing to get across to you. If you lie about who writes something, that is wrong. No good PR practitioner participates in any practice that does this. Bottom line. No gray area. Why is it so hard to be accurate and honest as to what you write? This is Ethics 101, for learning disabled students. Not difficult to grasp.
I clearly don't understand PR. I read the PRSA Code of Ethics, and I'm even more confused.
Because, when you send a journalist a gadget or a book to review, isn't that a freebie?
What about when you give people free food hoping they will say something good? Is it okay because they aren't journalists? Do you have to promise not to drop them if they say they didn't like the food?
Isn't a press junket basically a massive freebie put on by PR folks to influence journalists and freelancers?
What about when you tell reporters openly that you will do work for them? Isn't that a "freebie" as in "I'll do free labor for you?" You might as well hire them an assistant.
I do not understand Public Relations. I'm not a student of the field. But I do know that the principal argument against ghostwriting is ethical; that people should be honestly and forthright about authorship.
If so, people should also be honest and forthright about influence. If you want journalists to do something, and you're willing to be a research assistant and provide them with great copy and ideas, you're trying to influence them. I don't think there's anything wrong with that. I just don't understand the logic that dictates what is and is not ethical for PR people.
I probably have to go to PR school to understand this more, but it does seem to me that there is a pressing and fundamental problem.
If PR is supposed to be about helping explain complex ideas to the masses, then why does PR have such a bad rap? Shouldn't you folks be pros at getting us layman to understand who you are?
Why does PR have such bad PR?
Unfortunately Robby, our industry has people (like those that support the unethical practice of ghost blogging) that continue to give us a bad name. It's too bad for those of us who work hard to be 100% honest in every single thing we do for our clients and with the media.
But, I think the clients and journalists realize who does the good work in town, and across the country. We'll let them decide who really wins the ghost blogging argument.
But if PR people aren't allowed to buy journalists lunch, then what is Tastecasting.com? People give bloggers food, the bloggers say they received a complimentary lunch, and then review it for their friends and followers.
Starting in December, the FTC is requiring that bloggers and journalists need to reveal this free information, but it seems like this is still bribery.
Erirk --
TasteCasting did not involved journalists or PR people. We just organized a bunch of regular people who had some kind of presence online (a Facebook or Twitter account, perhaps a blog) and asked them to talk about the food. And as you pointed out, they were in full accordance with FTC guidelines since they were required to disclose the food was free. Again, honesty, disclosure and transparency was paramount.
However, TrendyMinds no longer handles TasteCasting. We've passed that along to another local contact in town. If you'd like further information, email me and I'll pass you his info.
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